Global Vault Holdings

Gold & Silver physical inventory across London (LBMA), New York (COMEX) & Shanghai (SHFE)

London: Monthly COMEX: Daily Shanghai: Weekly— based on exchange publication schedules
Total Global
London (LBMA)
New York (COMEX)
Shanghai (SHFE)
Vault Trend

London (LBMA) Gold Trend

Monthly gold holdings in tonnes — since July 2016

New York (COMEX) Gold Trend

Daily registered + eligible gold inventory in tonnes — COMEX warehouses

Shanghai (SHFE) Gold Trend

Weekly warehouse warrant weights in tonnes — Shanghai Futures Exchange

Vault Comparison

Compare gold holdings across global vaults. Select at least 2 vaults.

Monthly Inventory Changes

Month-over-month gold tonnage changes across selected vaults (last 3 years)

Historical Data

Monthly gold vault holdings — London, New York & Shanghai

Understanding Vault Holdings & Trading Signals

What are London Vaults (LBMA)?

The LBMA (London Bullion Market Association) publishes monthly reports of all gold and silver stored across London — the Bank of England plus 7 LBMA-approved custodians. This is the world's largest physical gold storage hub.

Key Facts:
  • London holds ~9,000 tonnes of gold — roughly 8-9x more than COMEX
  • Gold bars are 400oz Good Delivery standard (12.5kg each, worth ~$1M at $2,800/oz)
  • Data published on the 5th business day of each month (covers prior month)
  • LBMA reports total inventory only — no registered/eligible split

What are COMEX Vaults (New York)?

COMEX (part of CME Group) operates approved warehouses in New York where physical gold and silver is stored for futures delivery. Unlike LBMA, COMEX reports daily and splits inventory into two categories.

Key Facts:
  • COMEX holds ~1,000t gold and ~10,000-15,000t silver across multiple vault operators
  • Gold contracts = 100 troy oz each; Silver contracts = 5,000 troy oz each
  • Data published daily (same day) by CME Group
  • Inventory split into Registered and Eligible categories

What is SHFE (Shanghai)?

The Shanghai Futures Exchange (SHFE) is China's primary commodity futures exchange and the third-largest precious metals storage hub globally. SHFE warehouses store physical gold and silver backing futures contracts traded in Shanghai.

Key Facts:
  • SHFE reports weekly warehouse warrant weights (kg, converted to tonnes on this page)
  • Unlike COMEX, there is no registered/eligible distinction — total warrant stock only
  • Data published weekly (Friday/Saturday)
  • Shanghai gold stocks reflect China's domestic demand — the world's largest gold consumer
  • When Shanghai stocks decline, it signals strong Chinese physical demand absorbing supply

Registered vs Eligible Explained

Registered

Metal with warrants filed, sitting in the deliverable pool. When a futures contract goes to delivery, warrants from this pool get assigned. This is the "for sale" inventory. When Registered drops, fewer bars can settle futures — tighter supply.

Eligible

Real, verified physical metal in approved vaults without warrants. The owner hasn't made it available for delivery. It can be withdrawn, converted to Registered (by filing warrants), or left stored. Rising eligible = owners hoarding.

Important: LBMA does not have this distinction — London reports total vault inventory only. SHFE also reports total warrant stock only. The comparison on this page shows COMEX as Registered + Eligible combined (total).

The "Vault Drain" Signal

When London gold declines while COMEX gold rises simultaneously, physical metal is being shipped across the Atlantic. This happens when COMEX futures trade at a premium to London spot — traders buy cheap in London, ship to New York, and deliver against expensive futures contracts. With three vaults tracked (London, New York, Shanghai), the picture becomes clearer: metal can flow in a triangle — London to New York, Shanghai to London, or even direct Shanghai to COMEX routes.

Historical Examples:
March 2020: COVID lockdowns created a COMEX premium of $50-70/oz over London spot. London vaults drained ~600t in 3 months as metal was airlifted to New York. Gold rallied from $1,500 to $2,075.
Late 2024: COMEX premium re-emerged ahead of potential tariffs. London gold declined while COMEX surged. Gold rallied past $2,800.
BULLISH Signals (for price)
  • London declining + COMEX rising (vault drain)
  • London/COMEX ratio dropping sharply (e.g. 9x to 5x)
  • Sustained LBMA monthly outflows (>3 months)
  • Both London + COMEX silver declining (structural deficit)
  • Shanghai stocks declining = strong Chinese demand
BEARISH Signals (for price)
  • London stable/rising + COMEX stable (no drain)
  • London/COMEX ratio expanding (metal flowing back)
  • Sustained LBMA monthly inflows
  • All three vaults accumulating metal (oversupply)
  • Shanghai stocks rising = weak Chinese demand

How to Read Monthly Changes

The monthly changes chart shows how much metal flowed in or out of each vault system. Positive bars = metal deposited (inflow), negative bars = metal withdrawn (outflow).

Example: If LBMA Gold shows -150t for a month, that means 150 tonnes of gold left London vaults. At $2,800/oz, that's roughly $13.5 billion worth of gold moving out — someone wanted physical metal badly enough to move it.
Streak significance: A single month of outflow could be routine. But 3+ consecutive months of outflow signals a structural trend — physical demand is persistently exceeding supply at that location.

Silver Structural Deficit

London silver peaked at approximately 37,000 tonnes in 2021 and has been declining since. This is driven by industrial demand — solar panels, electronics, EVs — consuming silver faster than mining can replace it.

Why it matters: When silver leaves both London and COMEX vaults simultaneously, it's being consumed by industry — not just moved between locations. The Silver Institute has documented annual deficits exceeding 100 million ounces since 2021. Vault data is one of the most direct ways to see this deficit in real-time.

Data Sources & Timing

LBMA (London)
  • Source: lbma.org.uk
  • Frequency: Monthly
  • Published: 5th business day of each month
  • Coverage: Prior month's end-of-month inventory
COMEX (New York)
  • Source: CME Group
  • Frequency: Daily (business days)
  • Published: Same day
  • Coverage: End-of-day vault positions
SHFE (Shanghai)
  • Source: Shanghai Futures Exchange (with GoldSilver.ai fallback)
  • Frequency: Weekly
  • Published: Friday/Saturday
  • Coverage: Warehouse warrant weights

Disclaimer: This data is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute investment advice. Futures trading involves substantial risk. Past vault flow patterns do not guarantee future results. Always do your own research and consider consulting a licensed financial advisor.

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